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Conférence Christophe Beloin

Publié le 7 janvier 2022 – Mis à jour le 20 janvier 2022
Christophe Beloin
Christophe Beloin
Date
Du 26 janvier 2022 au 30 janvier 2022 De 10:00 à 23:59
Lieu(x)
UFR de Medecine et des Professions Paramédicales / UFR de Pharmacie / 28 Place Henri Dunant à Clermont-Ferrand
Site Dunant
Salle 37-39 Rez de chaussée allée R2

Conférence: «Using adaptive laboratory evolution to explore the plasticity of biofilm promoting factors and emergence of antibiotic resistance in biofilms» par Christophe BELOIN le Mercredi 26 janvier 2022 à 10h

Dans le cadre de la thèse de Aizat ABDUL AMID, le LMGE présente:
 

 Christophe BELOIN

Group leader in the Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, CNRS UMR 2001, Co-Director of the Microbiology Institut Pasteur Course, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur Paris

Mercredi 26 janvier à 10 h
Site Dunant
Salle 37-39 Rez de chaussée allée R2

 

Nowadays it is well accepted that, in most environments, microorganisms can switch from a freeliving state to a sessile mode of life to form biofilms. Besides their ecological roles in nature, biofilms are recognized as major threats when developing in industrial and especially medical settings. In these contexts, they are an important source of contamination and infection that are extremely difficult to eradicate notably because of their well-described increased antibiotic tolerance that is often linked to the possible recurrence of infection. While tolerance associated to biofilm formation is considered one mechanism by which bacteria can “resist” the deadly activity of antibiotics the contribution of biofilms to the emergence of real antibiotic resistance in unknown.
Bacterial interactions with surfaces and biofilm formation rely on the coordinated expression and interplay between vast repertoire of surface exposed adhesion factors. However, how bacteria dynamically modulate their adhesion potential to achieve successful surface colonization is not yet well-understood.
Using E. coli as a model and adaptive experimental evolution (ALE), we explored, on one side, which molecular factors drive evolution towards enhanced biofilm capacity and, on the other side, how biofilms can influence the dynamics of emergence of antibiotic resistance. 
We showed that mutations in the lectin domain of FimH, the tip adhesin of the type 1 fimbriae, are the main drivers of the evolution of E. coli adhesion capacities and that in vitro ALE can recapitulate FimH mutations selected in E. coli natural environments.
Additionally, we showed that the biofilm life style strongly influences emergence of antibiotic resistance and that biofilms can serve as reservoir of antibiotic resistance. 

Altogether these results demonstrated that ALE is a powerful tool to study biofilm-associated functions and that evolution of these biofilm-associated functions could strongly influence
bacterial behavior in natural or clinical situations.
Contact :
Christiane Forestier :